Opportunity for Health

Heterogeneous and Racialized Impacts of State Incarceration Policies on Birth Outcomes in the U.S.

NBER · May 22, 2024

In this working paper, we provide suggestive evidence that three strikes policies adversely impacted Black birth outcomes through affective mechanisms, while truth in sentencing likely impacted birth outcomes via material mechanisms, namely gradually reductions in community incarceration and crime rates.